Twentieth Century (c. 1910 – c. 2010)

As in all of the arts, the 20th century was a time of great ferment in classical music. While many composers continued to use traditional forms and harmonies, others devised wholly new systems of composition and means of realization. Notable movements included impressionism, neoclassicism, and minimalism. From Igor Stravinsky’s scandalous The Rite of Spring (1913) to the groundbreaking operas of Philip Glass (Einstein on the Beach, 1976) and John Adams (Nixon in China, 1987), the 20th century produced an enormous wealth of music that was sometimes familiar, often challenging, and frequently beautiful.

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